5) Description of housing product/service offering: Inhabitant of Surabaya occupy the kampung approximately 60 percent of city population (in 2000 census, Surabaya has a population of about 2.6 million), with most housing provided by the people themselves. Based on the population figures, it is concluded that kampung has a strategic position in urban housing and services system. In relation to the strategic position of the kampung, C- KIP implementation has general objectives of: • To Integrate the kampung with urban housing and services systems • To ensure the sustained development in the kampungs and make it more in line with the speed of development reached at the city scale.

In the implementation process, based on the concept of the C-KIP that emphasize in community development, C-KIP has specific objectives; • Improving the quality of housing and settlement’s environment, through comprehensive improvement of the physical aspects, services and infrastructure, and also the social economic condition • Community empowerment to improve creativity and self reliance in the implementation of kampung development programs • Developing opportunities for business to create the more work for kampung inhabitants as source for income that will further support the growth of local economy.

THE ROLE OF LABORATORY AS DEVELOPMENT CONSULTANT •Mediator between local government. •Training for community resources. •Assisting community in planning, construction, implementation, monitoring and evaluation, •Evaluating the principle of program and its implementation. •Developing appropriate model of C-KIP in the future.

6) Description of innovation: C-KIP is a community based development in improving the overall environmental of quality of kampung in the physical and social economic condition. This program use Bottom up Approach to encourage greater participation of the community in planning, implementation, and monitoring process until the end of the program. The program will be implement of, by, and for the community as an integrated partnership among local government, private sectors, and the community. Consultation between the community are held to understand their aspiration and participation level towards these programme. Guidance Team, Local Government and The community all together establish some socialization to implement this programme, which are: - City socialization - Kampung socialization - RT / RW (neigbourhood group) socialization

7) Benefits to clients: The implementation of C-KIP program, includes some activities which are conducted over these following steps: 1. Programme socialization to the Community. The purpose of this step is to understand and recognize the characteristic and social reality of Kampung community, to promote, discuss and consult many aspect of C-KIP, simultaneously with several socialization in the city level, and kelurahan level, by distributing brochures and poster C-KIP program. 2. Participatory Community Mapping. The aims of the Community Mapping implementation: - To empower the community, hence they can identify the situation / potencies of the kampung itself and the problems arise in details. - To recognize the physical and the community social economic condition in order to establish environment awareness among the community. - To understand community’s problems and potencies. 3. The institutional establishment: Kampung Foundation; Co-operation; Community Self-Help Group with certain principle tasks: - Kampung Foundation: to manage and develop activities, implement activities, monitor and evaluate progress; - Co-operation: to manage budget effectively, select community members to receive revolving fund with certain requirements; - Community self-help: to use and implement revolving fund for activities needed, help other member that has economic obstacles. 4. Management Institutional Training. This training is held in order to enrich and increase capacity of Kampung Foundation; Cooperation; and Community Self-Help Group, hence they can manage their tasks and responsibility. 1. Identification and selection of the Community Self Help Group candidates. The purpose is to understand the community’s interest and needs. 2. Activities Planning Arrangement. The purpose is to arrange activities planning list over several interest and need of the community. 3. The implementation of Kampung Activities Planning. This stage is to enrich an overview of implementation stage

8) Key operational partnerships: C-KIP program is a development program that base on community participation and aspiration (bottom-up). The implementation of this program is to assist the community empowerment; hence they can improve and develop their kampung quality in reliance and sustainable. The implementation of this program is to help local government to decrease the poverty in simple and transparent management, and to reduce local government involvement in development at community level. By using bottom up pattern, C-KIP program could be implemented in other city, because the community as the subject and the object of this program has similar institutions and organization to develop.

9) Financial model: The fund of C-KIP is transferred directly to the Kampung Foundation Account; furthermore the fund will be managed together between Kampung Foundation and the Co- operative. Local Government will supply C-KIP fund after the MOU between Local Government and Community (represented by Kampung Foundation) has been signed. C- KIP fund disbursement arranged in 3 stages: Stage I (40%) After local institution arrangement and MOU between Local Government and Kampung Foundation has been signed Stage II (30%) After Stage I C-KIP fund realized and the implementation progress achieve 90% Stage III (30%) After Stage I and II fund realized and the total implementation progress achieve 90%.

          • Costs as percentage of income: 0

          • Financing: The budget is provided as grant from City Government of Surabaya. The source of fund is allowed in the city budget. In the implementation the funds of C-KIP is divided in to 2 types: • For physical improvement (max 30%) • Revolving Fund (min 70%) In the implementation of C-KIP program, number and scale of community involvement and contribution are varied according to the condition of the Kampungs.

Involvement and contribution of the community including:  Willingness to be a board member of Kampung Foundation, Co-operation. and Community Self Help Group,  Preparing the needs of community’s meeting accommodation, such as place, equipment and food,  Increase the fund by self help to finance the activities,  Mobilization of the community for working together/socially and co

10) Effectiveness

          • Project outcomes: In general, the sub-districts to be intervened by C-KIP are kampung that are mostly inhabited by low income families. The C-KIP implementation was started in 1998 to 2004 that covered to about 45 kampungs spread evenly to all over the city area; in the centre as well as in the fringe areas. In general, the results of the implementation of C-KIP are:  Establishment the institution for help the community development  To optimize the revolving fund sumultaniously  Create new business opportunity for the community  Development the environment infrastucture  The community have more responsibility to the kampung development

          • Number of clients in past year: In 2004, C-KIP was implemented in 12 sub district in Surabaya which were inhabitant by 273.323 people

          • Percentage of clients that are poor or marginalized: 8,6

          • Potential demand: These services could be benefited by the whole community as it tries to alleviate the low income part of the community by self-help activities. Any low-income group from any countries could benefit from such program, as long as they understand the initial principles of the program. No limitation in the number of people involved in this program.

11) Scaling up strategy

          • Stage of the initiative: Mature stage.

          • Expansion plan: To continue KIP program in the other kampungs that not yet implementing it

To establish information networks among kampung boards, local government and other stakeholders

12) Origin of the initiative: The initiative actually started with the original KIP back in late 1970’s. From then some improvements were applied, especially from dependency on loan from international organizations like the World Bank or Asian Development Bank (ADB). No individual can claimed the idea of this program.

Contact Information:
Johan  Silas
Senior Researcher of Laboratory for Housing and Human Settlements
Laboratory for Housing and Human Settlements - Department of Architecture - Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology
(Academic Program)
Indonesia
Website: www.mukimits.com