Microfinance (Education and Micro Credits) for Entrepreneurs without resources in the Province of Mendoza and the Republic of Argentina
Country: Argentina
Organization: FUNDACIÓN GRAMEEN MENDOZA
2) Sector of activity: Financial Services
3) Description of your products or services: Products and Services.:-Solidary Credit: for groups of 5 persons with solidary guarantee – Graduated Credits for senior entrepreneurs in Graneen and who have experienced a growth in entrepreneurship – Permanent Education program: forming of group and management relations – Program of Access to new markets. Impact of the Program: It develops culture of work; generates a sustainable income, improves education in managerial aspects, the employment, poverty, extreme poverty health and school performance is improved. Customers: Persons with needs, entrepreneurs with scarce economic and social resources excluded from the formal financial service that develop their micro entrepreneurship to improve their living conditions and that of their families. Solution: the permanent support in their working and living places secures the development of the credit products and training as needed. Several capacities, needs and realities of life are recognized. We have Customer’s Committees to share with the customers’ opinions regarding the work of credit advisors, effectiveness of the products and suggestions for possible innovation. Innovation: Is a local actor that develops a micro finance system under an integral vision (credit plus education) professional and compromised in obtaining operating and social self sustainability. It works in the zones being attended (door to door contact) It narrows the gap between entrepreneurs and banks.
4) Description of the operational model: A- The implementing of Solidary Groups was adopted as a micro credit methodology. Each group to be formed at least by five entrepreneurs that solidary undertake the payment of the loan. They develop independent economic activities to increase their income through the solidary credit, the training and technical assistance. B. Description of the Operating Model: 1 – Research of zones to be developed: Visits are made to government and non government institutions of the zone, meetings with local people and references to obtain information. 2 –Massive notice of meetings made in order to stimulate as many as possible micro entrepreneurs of the zone to be part of the Program and undergo the initial training. 3 – Pre Disbursement Training: micro entrepreneurs attend and assimilate the methodology and prepare their own business plans. The credit assistants are in charge of disseminating it in the zone. 4 – Delivery of credit. Once the previous stages have been approved, the credit is approved and payment made. Installments are paid on a fortnight basis in the collecting bank.
5) Description of the financial model: Entrepreneurs in need pay on fortnight installments throught the collecting bank. A – The Access Mechanisms to the Microfinance Program are: a) Permanent dissemination of the Program. B) Advertisement in radio, television, and streets. C) Advertisement and organization of special events. D) Visits of the credit advisers to the homes of potential customers (door to door contact). E) Contact and recommendations through local references and those of the borrowers. B) Other financing sources in addition to repayment of customers 1) Financing lines of second line institutions. 2) Donations C - Self sustainability. It is hoped to reach financial sustainability at the end of 2006. The strategy adopted is the increase of new customers and the increase of credit amounts to those that are customers in order that the increase of the average of credit amounts leverage the costs in favor of those in need.
Client fees represent this approximate percentage of operational budget: 34%
6) Key operational partnership: A) Operative Partnership – Main Partners: FGM has entered into Technical Cooperation Agreements with other countries (Banco del Estado de Chile) with Media, Contracts with business: telephone, mail, logistics (Andreani, CTI, Impsat) Agreement with local Universities (traineeship Regime) Embassies, Chambers of Commerce, Foundations (Compas, Conin, Fucaes, Aragon, etc) and Ministeries to cooperate with implementing the program or holding Symposiums. FGM agreed with the government that those that benefit from subsidies have to work in their micro enterprises as a counterpart of the subsidies obligations, assuming the responsibility before the Work Ministery. The Government of Mendoza gave a non repayable contribution for a special training program for its customers B) Opportunities: Lack of knowledge of microfinance; Lack of integral training in zones in need; Alliance of Technical Cooperation with local institutions. C) Challenges: Disseminate microfinance through the training media: Develop micro financing technologies AdHoc; create and merge common strategies with other organizations.
7) Current outreach:
We are at the Scaling Up stage. • We are in the initial stage Scale up. Besides the 9 agencies that are now open and that cover extensive urban marginal areas of the province of Mendoza and rural zones, it has recently been agreed to launch the program in the Province of Corrientes – Republic of Argentina.
How many clients have benefited from your product/service in total? Over the last year? Since the beginning of the activity, 1372 direct customers have been benefited, from which, 1201 are women and 171 are men. 87% of the beneficiaries are women, mothers that are single, or married ones with a husband that does not work, abandoned, or separated with several children to their care. They live in emergency villages and villages in the interior of the province. Their income is based on rudimentary work and handicrafts. The borrowers do not have the required profile to have access to work on contract basis and they don’t have access to other financing sources. They have incomplete elementary education and very few work qualifications. Most of them after having received the credits of the Foundation, work in better conditions as they have made certain improvements and have purchased tools for their homes and working place.
What percentage of your clients is below the poverty line ($2 per day)? 80% 80% of the customers are below the poverty line, this is they have no enough resources
for their basic needs of food, living place, water and clothing. The average income of
the FAMILY is around $300 (US$ 100) taking as an example a family of five members, the
couple and three children of 1 to 5 years. This amount is below the poverty line as per
references of INDEC (Instituto Nacional de Estadisticas y Censos de la Republica
Argentina = National Institute of Statistics and Census of the Republic of Argentina)
The majority is formed by people that do not work and receive subsidies through the plan
Heads of Home and Work Plans for an amount of approximately $150 per month (U$D 50)
What is the order of magnitude of the potential demand for your products or services? Which
other low-income groups, countries or regions could benefit from it? Try to quantify (number
of clients, market size in currency): Specialized studies (IDB 2003) estimate that in Argentina there are 2 million persons that are micro entrepreneurs. These studies estimate that the demand of microfinance services are approximately 150.000 micro entrepreneurs. Today, less than 15.000 are benefited. This means that the number of persons benefited by the Microfinance program might be increased in future to 150.000 micro entrepreneurs.
8) Scale-up strategy:
How many low-income individuals do you plan to benefit in three years from now? How are you planning to scale up or replicate your solution? What are the major constraints to scale up?
In three years from now we plan to benefit: 1.736 persons in 2005, 5.465 in 2006, 11.109 in 2007.
Which specific areas - and why - in your field would benefit most from investment by corporations, foundations, and other investors:
The plan is to expand and replicate the Micro credit program increasing the zones served, contracting specialized personnel, generating a “seed bed” of trained human resources to be responsible of replication and further penetrating current zones. Main challenges for expansion is to obtain financing sources and new local partners (entrepreneurs) and international ones (cooperation institutions) that make a compromise with the Foundation and the mission this defends “To generate changes in the life of persons without resources on basis of its capacity, effort, creativity and entrepreneur spirit using as fundamental tool microfinance”
9) The organization: How does the initiative fit with your overall organization's strategic goals and priorities? How did the initiative start?
A- Strategic goals and general priorities of the organization are integrated with the initiative of having as an objective to maintain current customers and increase the offer of financial products. For those we implement agreements of technical assistance with several organisms and institutions. B- FGM was born in 2001 from the parochial group Caritas, Chacras Parish of Coria Mendoza. In 1.999, Mónica Pescarmona (founder and president of FGM) received as a present the book “To a World without poverty”, written by Muhammad Yunus an economist from Bengal. With the conviction of helping poor people willing to change their reality by means of work, she contacted Prof.Yunus. But it was in 2003 when receiving the visit of the Professor that a working group with a professional profile and institutional sustainability was formed.
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10) On the mosaic diagram, which of these factors is the primary focus of your work?
- Factor: Limited purchasing power of individual clients
- Principle: Design products and services that tap into the wealth of poor
Contact Information:
Name: Mónica Pescarmona
Organization: FUNDACIÓN GRAMEEN MENDOZA
Mailing address: Carril Rodriguez Peña 2451 - M5503AHY - Godoy Cruz - Mendoza
Country: Argentina
Email: mpescarmona@grameenmendoza.org.ar
Tel: (54 261) 4131300
Fax: (54 261) 4054105
Website: www.grameenmendoza.org.ar
Organization's legal status: Foundation
Number of Employees: 19
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